[1] R. Kubiak, I. Prochnow, S. Doye, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1153−1156; Angew.Chem. 2009, 121, 1173−1176; b) I. Prochnow, R. Kubiak, O. N. Frey, R. Beckhaus, S. Doye, ChemCatChem2009, 1, 162–172; c) R. Kubiak, I. Prochnow, S. Doye, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2626–2629; Angew.Chem. 2010, 122, 2683–2686; d) J. Dörfler, T. Preuß, A. Schischko, M. Schmidtmann, S. Doye, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 7918–7922; Angew.Chem. 2014, 126, 8052−8056; e) A. Koperniku, P. J. Foth, G. M. Sammis, L. L. Schafer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 18944–18948; f) J. Bielefeld, S. Doye, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 6138–6143.
[2] Selected examples of group 5 metal catalysts: a) M. G. Clerici, F. Maspero, Synthesis 1980, 305–306; b) S. B. Herzon, J. F. Hartwig, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 6690−6691; c) P. Eisenberger, R. O. Ayinla, J. M. P. Lauzon, L. L. Schafer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 8361–8365; Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 8511–8515; d) G. Zi, F. Zhang, H. Song, Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 6296–6298; e) A. L. Reznichenko, K. C. Hultzsch, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 3300–3311; f) E. Chong, J. W. Brandt, L. L. Schafer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 10898−10901; g) P. Daneshmand, S.-C.Roşca, R. Dalhoff, K. Yin, R. C. DiPucchio, R. A. Ivanovich, D. E. Polat, A. M. Beauchemin, L. L. Schafer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 15740−15750.
[3] Selected reviews: a) Z. Dong, Z. Ren, S. J. Thompson, Y. Xu, G. Dong, Chem. Rev. 2017, 117, 9333−9403; b) K. Nakajima, Y. Miyake, Y. Nishibayashi, Acc. Chem. Res. 2016, 49, 1946−1956.
[4] Selected recent examples: a) L. Leng, Y. Fu, P. Liu, J. M. Ready, J. Am.Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 11972−11977; b) A. Trowbridge, D. Reich, M. J.Gaunt, Nature 2018, 561, 522−527; c) S. M. Thullen, T. A. Rovis, J. Am.Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 15504−15508. [5] Scandium catalysts: a) A. E. Nako, J. Oyamada, M. Nishiura, Z. Hou, Chem. Sci. 2016, 7, 6429–6434; b) F. Liu, G. Luo, Z. Hou, Y. Luo, Organometallics 2017, 36, 1557−1565; c) H. Gao, J. Su, P. Xu, X. Xu, Org. Chem. Front. 2018, 5, 59–63; d) G. Luo, F. Liu, Y. Luo, G. Zhou, X. Kang, Z. Hou, L. Luo, Organometallics 2019, 38, 1887–1896; e) J. Su, Y. Zhou, X. Xu, Org. Biomol. Chem. 2019, 17, 2013–2019.
[6] a)T. Kaper, M. Fischer, M. Warsitz, R. Zimmering, R. Beckhaus, S. Doye, Chem. Eur. J. 2020, 26, 14300–14304. b)T. Kaper, M. Fischer, H. Thye, D. Geik, M. Schmidtmann, R. Beckhaus, S. Doye, Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 27, DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100238.
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