本文作者:alberto-caeiro
Marvin H. Caruthers(1940/2/11-), 美国化学生物学家,科罗拉多大学波尔得分校教授(University of Colorado Boulder), 因核酸化学合成方法(phosphoramidite method亚磷酰胺法)而闻名。图片:University of Colorado Boulder.
经 历
- 1962, Iowa State University, B. S.;
- 1968, Northwestern University, Ph. D., Advisor: Robert Letsinger;
- 1968, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Postdoctoral, Advisor: Har Gobind Khorana;
- 1973, University of Colorado Boulder, Associate Professor;
- 1980, University of Colorado Boulder, Professor.
获奖经历
- 1975-1980 USPHS Career Development Award
- 1981 Guggenheim Fellow
- 1992 International Biotechnology Ventures Award
- 1994 Elliott Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute
- 1994 Member, American Academy of Arts & Sciences
- 1994 Member, National Academy of Sciences
- 1999 ABRF—Hewlett Packard Award for Outstanding Contributions to Biomolecular Technologies
- 2004 Prelog Medal in Recognition of Pioneering Work on the Chemical Synthesis, Zurich, Switzerland
- 2005 National Academy of Sciences Award for Chemistry in Service to Society
- 2006 Promega Biotechnology Research Award, ASM, Orlando, FL
- 2006 The Economist Innovation Award, London, England
- 2006 National Medal of Science, Washington, D.C.
- 2006 Imbach-Townsend Award of the International Society of Nucleic Acid Research
- 2009 Girindus Leadership in Oligonucleotides Award
- 2012 The Biotech Meeting 25th Anniversary Hall of Fame Recognition Award, Laguna Beach
- 2014 National Academy of Science Award in Chemical Sciences
- 2014 ACS Award for Creative Invention
- 2014 Frantisek Sorm Medal, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 2019 Claribait Analytics Quote Honor Award
工作介绍
核酸化学合成:亚磷酰胺法
从1950年代开始,化学家们就开始了核酸的化学合成研究,但直到1980年,广泛使用的仍是收率低,中间体稳定性差的磷酸二酯法,磷酸三酯法和亚磷酸三酯法。在核酸合成中,由于分子间的偶联反应重复使用,因此产率需要尽可能接近100%。从1980年代开始,化学家们开始尝试核酸自动合成,可用于核酸合成的高产率条件温和的偶联反应开发迫在眉睫。
Caruthers教授开发了使用亚磷酰胺中间体化学合成核酸的方法,其中亚磷酰胺(图1)的膦分别与核苷或脱氧核苷,氰基乙氧基和二烷基氨基结合。亚磷酰胺中间体在酸性条件下与固定性负载的核苷反应,构建核酸中核苷与磷酸纸间的O-P键,然后通过碘等氧化剂氧化即可得到目标的亚磷酸三酯结构。由于亚磷酰胺相对稳定可长期保存,且反应收率高,因此该反应作为核酸合成中的一种普适方法而被广泛使用。
图1:亚磷酰胺法合成核酸
参考文献
- [1] Beaucage, S. L.; Caruthers, M. H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 1859. DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)90461-7
- [2] Beaucage, S. L; Iyer, R. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1992, 48, 2223. DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)88752-4
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