作为副词使用的「comparing with (to)」也是经常被误用的短语，下面就是几个典型的英文论中误用的实例及其修正。

[误] Comparing to the previous results, the present results are much more complete.

[正] The present results are much more complete than the previous results.

[误] Comparing with the thermal velocity, u is quite small.

[正] In comparison with the thermal velocity, u is quite small.

上述两个误用例都是语法上的错误。

「comparing with (to)」是作为一个整体副词起作用，其中让人注意的是「comparing」是以现在分词的形式出现在分局句首。一般的话，现在分词出现的分句放在句首的时候，它的后面的句子（主句）的主语和分句的主语必须一样（不一样的时候，分词叫做「悬垂分词」）上述2个误用例中，现在分词或者说动词「comparing」的主语，说的是「人」（比如「we」或者「I」），而它们接下来的主语分别是「results」和「u」。现在分词的主语和它后面的主語不一致，所以导致使用语法上的错误。

下面是「comparing with (to)」的正确使用方法举例。

[正] Comparing with the observation for Titan, we identify the following discrepancy.

[正] However, comparing to the unfiltered sample, we can show that our treatment is useful.

上述两个例子语法上虽然正确，但下面的例子「comparing」与介词「with」或「to」之间，把比较的对象直接目的语加上，表达上会更加自然。

[正] Comparing the present observations with the observation for Titan, we identify the following discrepancy.

[正] However, comparing our sample to the unfiltered sample, we can show that our treatment is useful.

化学论文中的「comparing with (to)」的使用举例

This result could be rationalized by comparing the NMR conformations of the cis and trans isomers with the X-ray structure of a non-switchable cyclic RGD-pentapeptide bound to integrin.  引用：10.1039/c1cs15023e

The products were identified by comparing the GC-MS with that of the authentic samples.　引用：10.1021/ja1058247

The origin of the effect of leaving group on ee was revealed by comparing the stoichiometric reactions of the sodium enolate of R-methyl tetralone with the arylpalladium bromide and iodide complexes. 引用：10.1021/ja074453g

本文出自 Enago学术英语academy（日文版）

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